GO-JEK was inspired by a paratransit system in Indonesia, so-called Ojek, which has existed in Indonesia for decades. In many kinds of literature, the term paratransit refers to informal public transport services that are operating without appropriate licenses or permits to provide collective ride services to the public or registration papers from public authorities. They […]
In the last century, providing public transport has been accepted as the government’s obligation to accommodate people’s movement. The government subsidizes public transport operations in order to keep public transportation affordable. This creates a contract between the government (as public transportation authorities) and public transport operators, which mainly includes how many public transport lines and […]
I have been living in Rijswijk, a small city in the Netherlands, for almost seven years. Through these years the shopping centre in this city has been changing, or perhaps ‘degrading’ is a better word. Until five years ago, supermarkets, branded clothing shops, department stores chains, restaurants and cafés, filled all the space. Around 40% […]
Nearly 2 months ago, a climate deal is reached in Paris, which was translated by many experts to mark the end of fossil fuel and a full transformation to renewable energy. Looking at the current situation of the oil market, it might be too early to conclude that the fossil fuel era is coming to […]
